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Formica lugubris Zetterstedt, 1838 | ||
| Familia | Formicidae | |
| Ordo | Hymenoptera | |
| Classis | Insecta | |
| Typus | Arthropoda | |
| Summary | Formica lugubris is a boreal-mountain oligotope species, associated with coniferous forests. As all red forest ants, it is a temporary social parasite of ants from the subgenus Serviformica. In Poland there are known three isolated localities of this species: Zieleniec in Góry Bystrzyckie Mts. (Western Sudetes), the Kampinos Forest (Mazowsze Lowland) and the Augustów Forest (Masurian Lakes), all discovered in the later part of the 20th century. The main threat to the species is intense forest management. It is postulated to extend legal protection to all species of red forest ants, take under protection places of their particularly numerous occurrences and to introduce regulations restricting logging activity in areas with large ant colonies. | |
| Literature | Banaszak J., Czechowska W., Czechowski W., Garbarczyk H., Sawoniewicz J., Wiśniowski B. 2000. Zagrożenia i perspektywy ochrony owadów błonkoskrzydłych (Hymenoptera). W: Ochrona owadów w Polsce u progu integracji z Unią Europejską. Wiad. entomol. 18, Supl. 2: 177-211  Czechowski W., Radchenko A., Czechowska W. 2002. The ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Poland. MIZ PAS, Warsaw: 200 + 1 pp. Day M.C. 1991. Towards the conservation of aculeate Hymenoptera in Europe. Nature and Environment Series, No. 51, Council of Europe Press, Strasbourg, 33 pp. Dlussky G.M., Pisarski B. 1971. Rewizja polskich gatunków mrówek (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) z rodzaju Formica L. Fragm. faun. 16: 145-224. Economic Commission for Europe 1991. European red list of globally threatened animals and plants and recommendations on its application as adopted by the Economic Commission for Europe at its forty-sixth session (1991) by decision D (46). United Nations, New York, 154 pp. Instrukcja Ochrony Lasu. 1999. Dyrekcja Generalna Lasów Państwowych, Warszawa, cz. I, 48 + 47 ss. Mazur S. 1983. Mrówki borów sosnowych Polski. Rozprawy Naukowe i Monografie, 25, Wydawn. SGGW-AR, Warszawa, 71 ss. Pisarski B., Czechowski W. 1994. Ways to reproductive success of wood ant queens. Memorabilia zool. 48: 181-186. Podkówka T. 1984. Trial of restitution of Formica polyctena Först. within the Upper Silesian Industrial Area. In: IIIrd Symposium on the Protection of Forest Ecosystems. SGGW-AR, Warszawa: 47-50. Seifert B. 1996. Ameisen: beobachten, bestimmen. Naturbuch Verlag, Augsburg, 352 ss. Stawarski I. 1966. Typy gniazd mrówek i ich związki z siedliskiem na terenach południowej Polski. Zesz. Przyr. OTPN 6: 93-157. Szczepański W., Podkówka T. 1983. Inwentaryzacja mrowisk z grupy Formica rufa na obszarze Leśnego Pasa Ochronnego GOP. Sylwan 127: 35-43. Wells S.M., Pyle R.M., Collins N.M. 1984. The IUCN Invertebrate Red Data Book. IUCN, Gland, 632 pp. | |
| Author | Wojciech Czechowski, Wiesława Czechowska & Aleksandr Radchenko | |
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